Solder
Types of Solder
- Lead-based solder: Traditional alloy of tin and lead (usually 60/40 or 63/37). Known for good flow and low melting point, but increasingly replaced due to environmental and health concerns.
- Lead-free solder: Eco-friendly alternative made from alloys like tin-copper, tin-silver-copper (SAC), or tin-silver. Widely used in electronics due to RoHS regulations.
- Silver-containing solder: Contains silver for improved mechanical strength and conductivity. Used in high-precision electronics and fine mechanics.
- Hard solder: Also called brazing alloy, has a higher melting point and is used for stronger, heat-resistant joints. Often made from copper or silver alloys.
Advantages of Solder
- Strong connections
- Excellent flow properties
- Good electrical conductivity
- Easy to handle and apply
Application and Handling
- Clean and prepare metal surfaces, possibly using flux.
- Heat the joint with a soldering iron or torch.
- Apply solder and let it melt and spread evenly.
- Let the joint cool and check for strength and conductivity.
- Clean off any flux or excess solder.
Care and Maintenance
- Store in a dry place to avoid oxidation.
- Use clean tools and surfaces.
- Check for contamination or aging and replace if needed.
Summary
Solder is an essential material for creating strong, conductive, and reliable joints. Its versatility and ease of use make it indispensable in electronics, plumbing, and crafts.