Plastics
Plastic is a general term for a wide variety of synthetic or semi‑synthetic polymer materials used in numerous applications. They consist of long‑chain molecules formed by linking smaller molecules, known as monomers.
There are many different types of plastics, which are manufactured in different ways and exhibit different properties. Some of the most common plastics include:
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Polyethylene (PE): A thermoplastic used in packaging, films, containers and toys. It has a low density and is resistant to acids and alkalis.
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Polypropylene (PP): A thermoplastic used in textiles, automotive parts, packaging and household items. It has high heat resistance and chemical resistance.
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Polyvinyl chloride (PVC): A thermoplastic used in pipes, flooring, cladding and cable insulation. It has good resistance to moisture and chemicals.
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Polystyrene (PS): A thermoplastic used in packaging, containers, electronic devices and toys. It has good mouldability and heat resistance.
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Acrylonitrile‑butadiene‑styrene (ABS): A thermoplastic used in automotive parts, electronics, toys and furniture. It has good heat resistance, chemical resistance and strength.
Plastics are widely used across many sectors such as automotive, construction, packaging, textiles, electronics and medicine. They offer many advantages: durability, light weight, corrosion and chemical resistance, mouldability and low manufacturing costs. However, plastics also have disadvantages—some types are difficult to biodegrade and can cause environmental problems if not properly disposed of.