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77 Posts in this encyclopedia categoryPager Receiver
A pager receiver (FME) is a portable device used by firefighters and other emergency personnel to receive alerts and important mission information. These devices are crucial for the rapid and reliable alerting of emergency responders, especially in volunteer fire departments whose members are often not present at the fire station.
Palladium
Palladium is a chemical element with the symbol Pd and atomic number 46. It is a rare, silvery-white transition metal that belongs to the platinum group. Palladium is known for its excellent catalytic properties, corrosion resistance, and good electrical conductivity. It is used in a variety of industrial and technological applications.
Pallet Truck
A pallet truck, also called a pallet jack, is a manual or electric device used to lift and transport pallets and other heavy loads in warehouses, factories, and retail stores. Pallet trucks are essential tools for logistics and warehousing as they significantly ease the handling and movement of goods.
Panel lifters
Panel lifters are specialised tools designed to safely lift and transport large and heavy sheet materials such as drywall sheets, plywood, glass, and metal panels. They significantly ease the handling of these materials and are indispensable in the construction and renovation industries. Panel lifters reduce physical strain and injury risk for workers and enable more efficient workflows.
Paper
Paper is a versatile material made from cellulose-containing plant fibres. It is mainly used to print and write documents, books, magazines, newspapers and other written materials. Paper has been used since the 2nd century BC, with its manufacture first documented around 105 AD by Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Paracord
Paracord, also known as parachute cord, is a versatile, lightweight nylon rope originally developed for suspending parachutes during World War II. Today, it is a popular material for outdoor activities, survival situations, and DIY projects. Paracord is especially valued for its high tensile strength, flexibility, and versatility, and is used in a wide variety of applications, from making bracelets to repairing equipment in the field.
Pedestal Supports for Paving Slabs
Pedestal supports are essential construction elements used in the installation of terrace and floor coverings. They serve as stable and height-adjustable supports for terrace slabs, concrete slabs, wooden decks, and other floor coverings. Pedestal supports allow for easy, fast, and precise installation, provide a stable substructure, and improve drainage as well as air circulation beneath the slabs.
Penetration
Penetration refers to the act of an object, substance, or force passing through another barrier or surface. This term is used in many fields, including construction, engineering, biology, and the military. Penetrations can be either intentional or unwanted depending on the context, often requiring special measures to achieve desired effects or to prevent undesired consequences.
Pepper Spray
Pepper spray is an effective and widely used self-defence tool designed to temporarily blind attackers, irritate their airways, and incapacitate them. It is commonly used by civilians for personal protection as well as by police and security forces. Pepper spray contains Oleoresin Capsicum (OC), a natural active ingredient derived from hot chili peppers that produces an immediate effect.
Personal Protective Equipment
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) refers to equipment and clothing worn by individuals to protect themselves from injuries or health hazards. PPE is used in a variety of work environments, including construction, industry, healthcare, and emergency services, to ensure worker safety and minimise risks.
Personnel Transport Vehicle
A personnel transport vehicle (MTW) is a fire service vehicle primarily used to transport personnel and light equipment. It is mainly used to quickly and safely bring firefighters to the scene or to other important tasks such as training or events. The MTW is versatile and can also be used for logistics or support during large-scale operations.
Phillips Screw
Phillips screws, also known as cross slot screws, are widely used fasteners in various fields such as electronics, construction, and furniture manufacturing. They are characterized by their distinctive cross slot drive, which allows better torque transfer and reduces screwdriver slippage.
Pipe Bending Tool
Pipe bending tools are specialized devices used to bend pipes and tubes into various angles and shapes without damaging or kinking them. They are indispensable in plumbing, heating installation, automotive industry, and many industrial applications. These tools enable precise bends and help to efficiently design complex piping systems.
Pipe Blockage
A pipe blockage refers to a condition where the free flow of water or wastewater through a pipe system is obstructed. Blockages often result from deposits, foreign objects, or the interaction of various factors. Pipe clogs are a common issue in households, commercial buildings, and industrial facilities, often requiring immediate action to prevent damage.
Pipe Burst
A pipe burst refers to the sudden or gradual tearing or bursting of a water, sewage, or heating pipe, which can lead to significant water damage. A pipe burst can occur in both old and new piping systems and is one of the most common causes of water damage in buildings. Quick and targeted handling of a pipe burst is crucial to minimize damage and protect the affected areas.
Pipe Calibration
Pipe calibration, also known as pipe calibration methods or pipe adjustment, is a process in which the shape and dimensions of pipes are adjusted and precisely formed to meet specific tolerances and requirements. This process is essential in pipe manufacturing, construction, plumbing, and industry, as it ensures that pipes meet the exact desired specifications.
Pipe Clamp
A pipe clamp, also known as pipe clip or pipe holder, is a fastening device used to securely fix pipes to walls, ceilings, or other structures. Pipe clamps are essential in plumbing, heating installation, and industrial pipe laying, as they provide stability and protection for pipe systems.
Pipe Cutter
Pipe cutters are specialized tools used to cut pipes precisely and cleanly. They are essential in plumbing, heating installation, automotive industry, and many other industrial applications. Pipe cutters allow efficient cutting of pipes made from metal, plastic, and copper without compromising the pipe’s integrity.
Pipe Deburrer
Pipe deburrers are specialized tools used to remove burrs and sharp edges from cut pipes. These burrs often occur when cutting pipes made of metal, plastic, or other materials and can affect the fit and safety of connections. Pipe deburrers provide a clean and smooth surface ready for further processing or assembly.
Pipe Wrench
Pipe wrenches are robust hand tools specifically designed for gripping, holding, turning, and loosening pipes and other cylindrical objects. They are indispensable in plumbing, heating installation, the oil and gas industry, and numerous industrial applications. Pipe wrenches feature adjustable jaws that enable secure gripping of pipes in various sizes.
Piston Pump
A piston pump, also called a reciprocating piston pump, is a type of positive displacement pump that moves liquids or gases through the linear motion of a piston within a cylinder. These pumps are widely used in industry, construction, and agriculture, offering a reliable and efficient solution for transporting various media.
Plane
A plane is a traditional hand tool used in woodworking to smooth, shape, or taper wood surfaces. With its sharp blade, the plane can shave thin wood shavings, allowing precise adjustments and fine surface finishing. Planes are used in various fields, from carpentry and furniture making to DIY projects and restoration work.
Plant Trowel
A plant trowel is a small, handy tool indispensable for gardening. It is mainly used for digging, planting, and transplanting flowers, herbs, and other plants. Thanks to its special shape and size, the plant trowel makes working in beds, pots, and other planting containers much easier.
Plastic
Plastic is a general term for a variety of synthetic or semi-synthetic materials made from organic polymers. These materials are known for their versatility, lightness, and durability. Plastic is used in numerous industrial and everyday applications, including packaging, household goods, toys, electronics, and automotive parts.
Plastics
Plastic is a general term for a wide variety of synthetic or semi‑synthetic polymer materials used in numerous applications. They consist of long‑chain molecules formed by linking smaller molecules, known as monomers. There are many different types of plastics, produced in different ways and exhibiting different properties.
Plate Carrier
A plate carrier is an essential part of tactical gear designed to hold ballistic plates, thereby protecting the wearer from gunshot injuries. Plate carriers are primarily used by military, police, and security forces, but are also gaining popularity among civilians in dangerous environments. These body armours offer flexibility, protection, and comfort in a variety of operations.
Platinum
Platinum is a chemical element with the symbol Pt and atomic number 78. It is a dense, malleable, silvery-white transition metal and belongs to the platinum group of elements. Platinum is known for its exceptional corrosion resistance, high melting point, and excellent catalytic properties. It is used in a variety of industrial and technological applications.
Plexiglass
Plexiglass, also known as acrylic glass or PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), is a transparent thermoplastic. It was first developed in the 1930s and is known for its high light transmittance, weather resistance, and shatterproof properties. Plexiglass is used in a wide range of applications including construction, advertising, automotive industry, and medicine.
pliers
Pliers are versatile hand tools used for gripping, holding, cutting, and bending materials. They are indispensable in many craft, industrial, and everyday applications. Pliers typically consist of two lever arms connected by a joint, which can have different shapes and functions at the ends.
Plutonium
Plutonium is a chemical element with the symbol Pu and atomic number 94. It is a radioactive metal that belongs to the actinide group. Plutonium is known for its high density, radioactivity, and ability to participate in nuclear reactions. It is primarily used in the nuclear industry.
Pneumatic chisel
A pneumatic chisel, also known as an air chisel, is a powerful tool driven by compressed air to process or break hard materials such as concrete, stone, and metal. These tools are widely used in the construction and demolition industries and offer high efficiency and precision for demanding tasks.
Pneumatic hammer
Pneumatic hammers, also known as air hammers, are powerful tools widely used in the construction and demolition industries. They use compressed air to drive a piston movement that delivers high-impact force to the work material. These tools are ideal for heavy tasks such as breaking up concrete, removing tiles, or driving in piles.
Pneumatic Tool
Pneumatic tools are powerful implements powered by compressed air. They are used in many industries such as automotive, trades, and construction. Pneumatic tools offer high efficiency and durability, making them a popular choice for professional users.
pod stitch
The sheet knot, also known as the "weaver's knot," is a basic knot used in firefighting and many other fields. This knot is primarily used to securely join two ropes or lines of different thicknesses. Due to its simplicity and reliability, the sheet knot is often used in situations where a secure yet easily untied knot is required.
Police Directorate
The term "PD" in a policing context stands for "Police Directorate". A Police Directorate is an organisational unit within the police responsible for coordinating and managing police operations within a specific geographic area. In Germany, each federal state has several police directorates, each overseeing specific districts or independent cities.
Police Headquarters
The police headquarters is the central administrative and operational authority of the police in a federal state or a large city. It is responsible for coordinating and leading the regional police directorates, the criminal investigation department, and the uniformed police. Besides administrative tasks, the police headquarters is also responsible for strategic planning and the operational implementation of measures to maintain public safety.
Police Laser
Police lasers, also known as laser speed measuring devices, are specialised tools used by the police to measure the speed of vehicles on the road. These devices use laser technology to perform precise and rapid measurements and play a crucial role in traffic monitoring and enforcing speed limits.
Police Lines
Police lines are formations used by police forces to control crowds, block access to certain areas, or direct the movement of people during demonstrations or large events. These tactical formations are an essential part of the operational strategy for managing crowds and ensuring public order.
Police Station (Inspectorate)
A police inspectorate (PI) is a local police authority responsible for carrying out policing duties within a specific geographic area. It represents a key operational unit of the police and coordinates law enforcement activities within its jurisdiction.
Polishing
Polishing is a finishing process in which the surface of a workpiece is smoothed and brought to a high gloss. It is used across many industries to improve the aesthetics, functionality, and corrosion resistance of materials. Common applications include metalworking, the automotive industry, jewellery manufacturing, and electronics.
Polishing compound
A polishing compound is a specialised product used to smooth, clean, and give surfaces a glossy, mirror-like finish. It is frequently used in the automotive industry, craftsmanship, jewellery-making, and in the care of various surface materials such as metal, plastic, and paint. Polishing compound helps remove scratches, seal the surface, and enhance shine.
Polishing tool
Polishing tools are specialised devices and accessories used to smooth, clean, and give surfaces a glossy, mirror-like finish. They are widely used in the automotive industry, craftsmanship, jewellery-making and in the maintenance of surfaces such as metal, plastic, wood and paint. Polishing tools help remove scratches, seal the surface and enhance shine.
pollution
Pollution is defined as the presence of substances in the air, water, soil, or other environmental media that are harmful to health or the environment. These pollutants can originate from natural sources, industrial processes, agricultural activities, or everyday human actions. High levels of pollution can have serious impacts on the health of humans, animals, and plants and cause lasting damage to the environment.
Polycarbonate
Polycarbonate is a thermoplastic polymer known for its exceptional strength, transparency, and heat resistance. It was first developed in the 1950s and is used in a wide range of industrial and everyday applications, including construction, electronics, automotive, and medical technology.
Polyethylene
Polyethylene (PE) is a widely used thermoplastic polymer made from the monomer ethylene. It is known for its versatility, chemical resistance, and excellent mechanical properties. Polyethylene is produced in various forms such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) and is used in numerous industrial and everyday applications.
Polypropylene
Polypropylene (PP) is a thermoplastic polymer primarily made from propylene, a petrochemical derivative. It belongs to the polyolefin family and is a lightweight, flexible, and durable material used in a wide variety of applications.
Polystyrene
Polystyrene (PS) is a widely used thermoplastic polymer produced from the monomer styrene. It is known for its versatility, transparency, and good insulation properties. Polystyrene is manufactured in various forms such as expanded polystyrene (EPS) and extruded polystyrene (XPS) and finds applications in numerous industrial and everyday uses.
Polyurethane Foam
Polyurethane foam, also known as PUR foam, is a versatile synthetic foam produced through the reaction of polyols and isocyanates. It is characterised by outstanding insulating properties, flexibility, and durability. Polyurethane foam is widely used across various industrial and everyday applications, including construction, furniture manufacturing, automotive, and packaging.
Polyvinyl chloride
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a widely used thermoplastic polymer made from the monomer vinyl chloride. It is known for its versatility, resistance to chemical influences, and good mechanical properties. PVC is used in a wide range of industrial and everyday applications, including construction, electronics, medicine, and packaging.
Polyvinyl Chloride
PVC, also known as polyvinyl chloride, is a thermoplastic polymer made from vinyl chloride monomers. It is a widely used material in the construction industry, the automotive sector, the electronics industry, and many other areas of application.
Pop Rivet Pliers
Pop rivet pliers, also known as blind rivet pliers, are essential tools for joining metal sheets and other materials by inserting blind rivets. These connections are permanent and strong, making them ideal for a variety of applications in metalworking, construction, and vehicle engineering.
Portable Fire Extinguisher
A portable fire extinguisher, also known as a fire extinguisher or extinguishing device, is a handheld device used to quickly and effectively extinguish small fires. These devices are essential in homes, offices, workshops, and vehicles, as they provide immediate fire control in emergencies, preventing more serious damage.
Portable pump
A portable fire pump, also known as a mobile fire pump, is a powerful and portable device used to pump water in firefighting situations. These pumps are essential for fire departments and emergency services, as they provide quick and flexible water delivery, especially in areas difficult to access with large fire engines.
Portable pump trailer
A portable pump trailer (TSA) is a special trailer used by fire departments to transport a portable pump (TS) and the necessary equipment for firefighting. The TSA is particularly useful for smaller fire departments that don't have their own fire engine, as it can be flexibly attached to various towing vehicles. It enables rapid and mobile firefighting, especially in rural areas or hard-to-reach areas.
Portable pump vehicle
The term "TSF" stands for "portable pump vehicle." The TSF is a lightweight firefighting vehicle primarily used by smaller fire departments. It is equipped with a portable pump (TS) that can be deployed in a mobile capacity. The TSF is primarily used for firefighting and technical assistance, especially in rural areas or for smaller operations where large fire engines are not required.
Positive pressure aerator
A positive pressure ventilator is an important piece of equipment used by firefighters to remove smoke, heat, and hazardous gases from burning or smoky buildings. It works by blowing fresh air into the building at high pressure, creating a positive pressure that forces the contaminated air out. This improves visibility, lowers temperatures, and facilitates the work of emergency responders and the rescue of people.
Post anchors
Post anchors are essential construction elements used to securely and stably anchor posts in the ground. They provide a solid base for wooden posts and prevent direct contact with the soil, which extends the lifespan of the posts. Post anchors are available in various designs and are commonly used in garden and landscaping projects, as well as in the construction of fences, carports, terraces, and pergolas.
Powder Metallurgy
Powder metallurgy is a manufacturing process in which metal powders are shaped and sintered to produce solid components. This process is widely used in the automotive industry, aerospace, medical technology, and electronics to manufacture precise and high-quality parts. Powder metallurgy offers numerous advantages, including material efficiency, design flexibility, and improved mechanical properties.
Powder-actuated tool
A powder-actuated tool is a specialized device used in construction and crafts to drive pins into concrete, steel, or other hard materials. These tools typically operate pneumatically or with gas and allow for quick and efficient fastening without the need for pre-drilling.
power outage
A power outage refers to the complete or partial loss of electricity in a specific area, resulting in electrical devices and systems no longer functioning. Power outages can last from a few seconds to several hours or even days and often cause significant disruption to homes, businesses, and public infrastructure.
Praseodymium
Praseodymium is a chemical element with the symbol Pr and atomic number 59. It belongs to the lanthanide group and is a silvery-white metal known for its magnetic and optical properties. Praseodymium is used in various industrial and technological applications, especially in alloys, magnets, and glass colouring.
Press Jaw
Press jaws are essential tools in pipe jointing technology, allowing secure and precise pressing of pipe connections. They are used in various industries such as sanitary, heating, and air conditioning systems and provide a reliable method for creating permanently leak‑proof connections.
Press Machine
Press machines are powerful tools used to shape, cut, or join materials under high pressure. They are employed in numerous industrial and craft applications, including metalworking, plastics processing, the automotive industry, and construction. Press machines provide an efficient and precise method for processing various materials, contributing to quality improvement and increased productivity.
Pressure Hose
The pressure hose is an essential part of firefighting equipment, used to transport water at high pressure from the pump to the fire scene. It is made of durable materials to withstand high pressure and harsh conditions. Pressure hoses come in various sizes and configurations depending on the purpose and operational requirements.
Pressure Increase
The term pressure increase refers to the rise in pressure within a closed system, such as a pipeline, vessel, or machine. A sudden or unexpected pressure increase can pose significant risks, including leaks, material failure, or even explosions. Pressure increases occur in many industrial and technical applications, making careful monitoring and regulation essential.
Pressure relief valve
A pressure relief valve is a safety device used in various systems and equipment to regulate pressure and prevent overpressure. Pressure relief valves protect equipment from damage by relieving excess pressure, thus ensuring operational safety.
Pressure Sprayer
Pressure sprayers are versatile devices used to apply liquids in a fine mist. They are used in agriculture, horticulture, cleaning, and many other areas. These devices allow for an even distribution of pesticides, cleaning agents, and other liquids.
Pressure Test Pump
Pressure test pumps are specialized tools used to check the tightness and strength of pipelines, pressure vessels, and other pressure systems. They are essential in heating/plumbing, mechanical engineering, and industrial applications. Using a pressure test pump ensures systems function correctly and have no leaks.
Pressure Washer
A pressure washer is a versatile cleaning device that removes stubborn dirt, moss, and deposits from various surfaces using high-pressure water jets. Ideal for cleaning terraces, facades, vehicles, and garden tools, the pressure washer is an indispensable tool for homeowners and professionals.
Privacy screen systems
Privacy screening systems are solutions designed to protect rooms or areas from unwanted views while providing aesthetics and functionality. These systems are used in both residential and commercial settings to create privacy, meet security requirements, or serve as a design element in both outdoor and indoor spaces. Privacy screening systems can come in a variety of shapes and materials, depending on specific needs and applications.
Protactinium
Protactinium is a chemical element with the symbol Pa and atomic number 91. It belongs to the actinide group and is a rare, silvery-metallic element known for its radioactivity and chemical reactivity. Protactinium is mainly used in scientific research.
Protective equipment
Protective equipment is crucial for the safety and health of workers in many skilled trades, industrial, and everyday applications. It protects against physical, chemical, biological, and ergonomic hazards that can occur during work. Protective equipment encompasses a wide variety of items of equipment that protect the entire body or specific parts of the body.
Protective vest failure
Body armor failure refers to a situation in which a body armor, normally designed to protect against ballistic, stabbing, or other physical threats, fails to fulfill its protective function. This may be due to material defects, misuse, wear, or other factors. Such a failure can result in serious injury or even death because the affected person remains unprotected.
Protractor
A protractor is an indispensable measuring instrument used in many fields, including construction, mechanical engineering, carpentry, and home improvement. It is used to precisely determine and check angles and inclinations and is known for its accuracy and versatility.
Pull spindle
A tension spindle, also known as a clamping spindle or lead screw, is a mechanical component used in various machines and devices. It serves to precisely control movements and transmit forces. Tension spindles are used in the mechanical engineering, automotive, and furniture industries, as well as in many other areas where precise linear movements are required.
punch
A driving pin, also known as a punch, is a tool used to precisely drive and remove workpieces such as bolts, pins, bushings, and bearings. These tools are indispensable in metalworking, mechanical engineering, and automotive repair, as they enable high levels of accuracy and control when inserting and removing workpieces.
Punching
Stamping is a manufacturing process in which flat materials such as sheet metal, plastic, or paper are formed into the desired shape using a stamping tool. It is widely used in the metalworking, electronics, automotive, and packaging industries to produce precise and complex shapes in large quantities.