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37 Posts in this encyclopedia categoryGadolinium
Gadolinium is a chemical element with the symbol Gd and atomic number 64. It belongs to the group of lanthanides and is a silvery-white, shiny metal. Gadolinium possesses unique magnetic, thermal, and neutron-absorbing properties, making it valuable in many technological and medical applications.
Galvanizing
Galvanizing is a corrosion protection process for steel and iron in which a zinc coating is applied to the surface. This coating protects the base metal from oxidation and other corrosive influences. Galvanizing is often used in the construction, automotive, and mechanical engineering industries to extend the service life of metal parts.
Gamma-Hydroxybutyric Acid
Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid, or GHB, is a chemical substance known both as a medication and as an illegal drug. Medically, GHB is used to treat narcolepsy but is also known as a party drug that is abused in some cases. Due to its sedative and euphoric effects, GHB is used in party scenes and also in criminal contexts, for example as a “date rape drug.”
Garden Hoe
Garden hoes are essential tools for soil cultivation and weed removal in gardening. They are characterized by their sharp tines or blades, which help loosen, aerate, and prepare the soil for planting.
Garden Hose
Garden hoses are indispensable tools for watering gardens, lawns, and plants. They allow for easy and efficient water distribution and are available in various lengths, diameters, and materials to meet the different needs of garden maintenance.
Gas Expansion
Gas expansion refers to the phenomenon where a gas volume increases when heated or decreases when cooled. This behavior is based on the physical properties of gases, which follow the laws of thermodynamics. Gas expansion plays an important role in many industrial applications, such as pneumatics, combustion engines, and heating technology.
Gas Leak
A gas leak refers to the uncontrolled release of gases from a container, pipeline, or other closed system. Gas leaks are potentially very dangerous, as many gases can be flammable, toxic, or asphyxiating. A gas leak therefore requires immediate action to minimize risks to humans, animals, and the environment.
Gas mask
Gas masks are protective devices designed to shield the wearer from inhaling harmful airborne substances, including toxic gases, smoke, chemicals, and biological hazards. They are an essential part of personal protective equipment for the military, fire services, emergency responders, and industrial applications where exposure to dangerous airborne particles is a risk.
Gas soldering iron
Gas soldering irons are portable tools used to solder metals using an open flame. They are especially useful in electronics, plumbing, jewelry making, and various craft applications. These devices offer flexibility and mobility as they operate independently of electrical power sources.
German Federal Agency for Technical Relief
The Federal Agency for Technical Relief (THW), abbreviated to THW, is a German civil protection organization that provides technical assistance in the event of disasters, major accidents, and emergencies. The THW supports the management of natural disasters, provides technical assistance at home and abroad, and participates in disaster relief operations. It is a federal agency and reports to the Federal Ministry of the Interior and Home Affairs.
German Fire Services Association
The German Fire Services Association (DFV) is the national representative body of fire services in Germany. Founded in 1853, it represents the interests of volunteer fire brigades, professional fire departments, industrial fire services, and the youth and senior divisions. The association is committed to protecting and promoting the fire service and supports fire departments in organizational, legal, and social matters.
German Life Saving Association
The German Life Saving Association (DLRG) is one of the largest and oldest water rescue organizations in the world, dedicated to saving and protecting lives in and around bodies of water. Founded in 1913, it has taught millions of people how to swim and conducted numerous rescue operations.
German Youth Fire Brigade
The German Youth Fire Brigade (DJF) is the youth organization of the German Firefighters Association (DFV), founded in 1964. It offers children and young people the opportunity to get involved in firefighting, learn technical skills, and experience teamwork. The DJF is one of the largest youth organizations in Germany and aims to inspire young people to serve in the fire service while promoting important values such as camaraderie, responsibility, and helpfulness.
Glass
Glass is an amorphous (non-crystalline) material primarily composed of silicon dioxide (SiO₂). It is a very hard and durable material produced by heating sand, soda, and lime to high temperatures. This process, known as glassmaking, allows the properties of glass to be modified by adding various additives.
Glass Breaker
A glass breaker is a safety tool designed to quickly and efficiently break glass. It is commonly used in emergency situations, such as car accidents to free vehicle occupants or in buildings to create escape routes.
Glass Wool
Glass wool, also known as fiberglass wool, is a widely used insulating material made by spinning molten glass into fine fibers. These fibers are then processed into mats, boards, or rolls used in the construction and manufacturing industries for thermal and acoustic insulation. Glass wool is known for its excellent insulating properties, easy handling, and environmental friendliness.
Glue (Adhesive)
Glue is a liquid or paste-like adhesive used to bond objects together. It consists of natural or synthetic polymers that are joined under the application of heat and/or pressure. Glue is used in a wide variety of applications, from woodworking and paper manufacturing to textile and footwear production.
Gold
Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au and atomic number 79. It is a dense, soft, yellow-shiny metal known for its exceptional ductility, corrosion resistance, and electrical conductivity. Gold has a long history as a valuable precious metal and is used in many fields, from jewelry and electronics to finance and medicine.
Gore‑Tex
Gore‑Tex is a high‑quality, waterproof and breathable membrane used in a variety of products including clothing, footwear, and outdoor gear. The membrane is made from expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) and is known for its ability to repel water while allowing moisture and vapor to escape.
Granite
Granite is a widely used, hard, and dense igneous rock primarily composed of quartz, feldspar, and mica. It is known for its strength, durability, and aesthetic variety, making it a popular material in the construction and building industry. Available in many colors and patterns, granite’s versatility and applicability across various sectors are enhanced.
Graphite
Graphite is a stable form of carbon and one of the softest naturally occurring materials. It is opaque and ranges in color from black to dark gray. Due to its unique physical and chemical properties, graphite is used in a wide range of industrial applications, including as a lubricant, in pencils, as a moderator in nuclear reactors, and as a component in batteries.
Grind
Crushing is a process for breaking grain kernels into smaller pieces to prepare them for further processing in food production. This process is often used in the milling industry and in beer production to obtain flour, groats, or malt grist. Crushing is an important step in making the nutrients in the grain accessible and facilitating further processing.
grinder
Sanders are specialized tools used to smooth, shape, or polish surfaces by removing material through friction. They are indispensable in many craft and industrial applications, including woodworking, metalworking, painting, and DIY. Sanders enable precise and efficient sanding and help prepare or finish the surface for further processing.
Grinding
Grinding is a mechanical machining process in which material is removed from a surface through abrasion to create a smooth, precise, and sometimes mirror-like finish. It is widely used in metalworking, woodworking, the automotive industry, and other fields to improve surface quality and increase dimensional accuracy.
grinding wheel
Grinding wheels are essential abrasive tools used in combination with grinders to smooth, sharpen, and polish surfaces. They consist of abrasive grains held together by a bonding agent and are available in various shapes, sizes, and materials. Grinding wheels are indispensable in numerous craft and industrial applications, including metalworking, woodworking, and construction.
Grooving Cutter
A grooving cutter is a specialised hand tool or machine attachment used for milling grooves in wood, metal, or plastic. Grooves are narrow, elongated recesses used for joining workpieces, inserting seals, or guiding components. Grooving cutters are used in carpentry, furniture making, mechanical engineering, and metalworking.
Ground Penetrating Radar
Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a geophysical method that uses electromagnetic waves to penetrate the ground and create an image of subsurface structures. This technology is used in a variety of applications including archaeology, construction, environmental monitoring, and military reconnaissance. GPR enables the detection and mapping of objects, cavities, and layer boundaries in the soil without the need for physical sampling.
Ground Subsidence
Ground subsidence refers to the gradual sinking of the ground or earth's surface, often caused by natural or human influences. This sinking can lead to structural damage to buildings, infrastructure, and landscapes. Ground subsidence occurs in various geological and climatic environments and is often difficult to predict.
Group Leader
A Group Leader (GL) is a leadership position within a fire brigade unit, responsible for leading a team typically composed of nine firefighters. The Group Leader coordinates operations, gives instructions, and ensures the safety of the crew. This role is crucial for the success of an operation and requires both professional competence and leadership skills. The abbreviation GL is frequently used for Group Leader.
Guard service
Guard duty and shift duty are an important part of daily police work. It ensures the constant presence of police officers to maintain public safety and order. Shift duty ensures officers' flexible, 24-hour availability to respond quickly to a wide variety of situations. This includes patrols, monitoring vulnerable objects, and rapid intervention in emergencies.
Gutter Blockage
A gutter blockage occurs when leaves, branches, debris, and other materials clog the gutter and downpipes. This prevents proper water drainage from the roof, leading to overflows, damp damage to facades and foundations, and ice dams in winter. Regular maintenance and cleaning are essential to keep gutters functioning and avoid costly repairs.
Gypsum
Gypsum is a widely occurring mineral mainly composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O). It is known for its diverse applications in the construction industry, medicine, and art. Gypsum is relatively soft, easy to work with, and exhibits unique physical and chemical properties that make it an important material in various fields.
Gypsum board
Gypsum board, also known as drywall sheet, is a versatile building material composed of a gypsum core layer encased in paperboard. These boards are lightweight, easy to handle, and provide an excellent base for interior walls and ceilings in construction projects. Gypsum board is widely used in the building industry due to its user-friendliness and broad range of applications.